What components are included in total braking distance?

Total braking distance is the full distance a vehicle travels from the moment a driver recognizes a need to stop until the vehicle comes to a complete stop. The correct choice encompasses three key phases: perception, reaction, and stopping distance.

Perception distance is the distance a vehicle travels while the driver identifies a hazard and decides to react. This phase is critical because it reflects the driver's ability to recognize dangers on the road.

Reaction distance refers to the distance covered while the driver moves their foot from the accelerator to the brake pedal after deciding to stop. This time lapse can vary based on the driver's alertness and response time.

Finally, stopping distance is the actual distance the vehicle travels from the moment the brakes are applied until it stops completely. This distance is influenced by factors like speed, vehicle weight, and road conditions.

While other options address related aspects of driving and safety, they do not clearly identify the comprehensive phases that contribute to total braking distance. Understanding these phases allows drivers to better anticipate stopping distances in various situations, enhancing safety on the road.